NPU terminology - Wikipedia

NPU terminology is a patient centered clinical laboratory terminology for use in the clinical laboratory sciences. Its function is to enable results of ... NPUterminology FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch NPUterminology(NPU:NomenclatureforPropertiesandUnits)isapatientcenteredclinicallaboratoryterminologyforuseintheclinicallaboratorysciences.Itsfunctionistoenableresultsofclinicallaboratoryexaminationstobeusedsafelyacrosstechnology,timeandgeography.Toachievethis,theNPUterminologysupplies: Uniqueidentifiersfortypesofexaminedpropertiesofthepatient,supportingstructuredcommunicationandstorageoflaboratorydataine.g.clinicallaboratoryreportsorelectronichealthrecords Stableandunambiguousdefinitionsofthetypesofexaminedproperties,expressedusinginternationalnomenclatures,andinaccordancewithinternationalstandards Specificationofmeasurementunitswhererelevant Astructureallowingforsecuretranslationofthedefinitionsintootherlanguages Contents 1Purpose 2Utilityandbenefits 3Governance 4Terminologystructure 4.1Examples 5ExternalreferencingforNPUconcepts 6TranslationofNPUdefinitions 7NPUfoundations 8References 9Seealso Purpose[edit] ThepurposeoftheNPUterminologyistoenablepatientexaminationdatatobesafelytransmittedbetweenlaboratoryinformationsystems,recognized,compared,reusedincalculations,extractedforresearchorstatistics,andstoredfordocumentation,withoutlossofmeaning.Itdoesnotcoversamplingproceduresormethodologiesusedfordeterminingthesedata,whichmaybothvaryovertime. Theterminologyadherestointernationalstandardsofmetrology,terminology,andhealthinformatics,inparticulartheInternationalSystemofQuantities(ISQ)andtheInternationalSystemsofUnits(SIunits).Itcurrentlyincludesover17000entrieswidelycoveringmultipledisciplinesinthefieldofclinicallaboratoryscienceincluding: ClinicalAllergology ClinicalChemistry ClinicalHaematology ClinicalImmunologyandBloodBanking ClinicalMicrobiology ClinicalPharmacology MolecularBiologyandGenetics ReproductionandFertility ThrombosisandHaemostasis Toxicology TheNPUterminologyissupportedbyajointcommittee(C-SC-NPU)oftheInternationalFederationofClinicalChemistryandLaboratoryMedicine(IFCC)andasubcommitteeoftheInternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry(IUPAC). Theterminologyisfreelyavailablefordownloadinitsgenericversion(inEnglish[3])andvariouslanguageversions.Thespecificsyntaxandthereferencestointernationalterminologies,classificationsandnomenclaturesmaketheterminologydefinitionslanguage-independent. Utilityandbenefits[edit] MostcountriescurrentlystrivetoimplementeHealthsystemsforelectronicmanagementandcommunicationofhealthcareinformation.TheprimarydriversforadoptionofElectronicHealthRecords(EHR)andsupportinginfrastructureinclude: Drivetoimprovequalityofpatientcare Needtocontainburgeoninghealthcarecosts Improveaccessibilityandportabilityofpatientrecords Bettersourcedataforepidemiologicalstudies Beforehealthrecordscanbesuccessfullycommunicatedandstoredtheremustbeafundamentalagreementonthedefinitionforeachindividualpieceofinformation.Terminologysolutionsfordescribingsuch"concepts"currentlyinclude(butarenotlimitedto)SNOMEDCT,LOINCandtheNPU.KeybenefitsconferredbytheNPUterminologyinclude: Patient-centricdefinitions,generallyindependentofchangesintechnology Conceptswithreferencestoestablishedinternationaldefinitions Definitionsspecifyingmeasurementunits(withpreferenceforSI)andmeasuredproperties ConsistentwiththeprinciplesoutlinedintheInternationalVocabularyofMetrology(VIM)andVocabularyforNominalPropertiesandNominalExaminations(VIN) BroadmembershipofguidingNPUcommitteewithextensiveexpertiseinthebiologicalandchemicalsciencesandtheprinciplesofnomenclature. Governance[edit] TheNPUTerminologyisownedbyboththeIFCCandIUPAC.ItisgovernedbytheNPUSteeringCommittee,whichconsistsofrepresentativesfromkeyNPUstakeholdersincludingIFCC,IUPAC,C-SC-NPU,andcountrieswithrecognizednationalreleasecenters. Terminologystructure[edit] EachNPUentryholdsastructureddefinitionofthe'resulttype'itidentifies. Thedefinitionsareexpressedusingwellestablishedconceptsandtermsfromthefieldoflaboratorymedicine.Referencestointernationallyacknowledgedclassifications,nomenclaturesandterminologiesarefiledwherepossible.Thisensuresthatthedefinitionsareunambiguous,andthatthemeaningofeachconceptwillremainstableandaccessibleovertime. Thedefinitionstructureisbasedonthescientificconceptof'examination'–anexaminationstudiesoneormorepropertiesofasystem(adelimitedpartoftheuniverse).InaclinicallaboratoryterminologysuchastheNPUterminologythesystemofinterestisassumedtobe(partof)thepatientortheenvironment,andtheNPUdefinitionstructurestates: Thesystemstudied–thepartofthepatientthatistheobjectoftheexamination(bloodplasma,pituitarygland,skin,kidney,wholebody) Thecomponent–thespecificpartorprocessthatisofinterestinthesystemstudied(glucose,hormonesecretion,bacteria,urineexcretion) Thekind-of-property-(amount-of-substanceconcentration,secretionrate,number,volume) AnSIunitorWHOwhererelevant–(formeasurableproperties,i.e.differentialorrational[notordinal]quantities). Thesestatementsareorderedinafixedsyntax: System—Component;kindofproperty (aunitisaddedwhererelevant,andspecificationstoeachstatementmayalsobeaddedasneeded) Examples[edit] Bodytemperatureofapatient NPU08676Patient—Body;Celsiustemperature= ?degreeCelsius Erythrocytecellcountinpatientblood NPU01960Blood—Erythrocytes;numberconcentration= ?x1012perlitre Concentrationof'Glycoproteinhormonesalphachain'inpatientbloodplasma NPU28109Plasma—Glycoproteinhormonesalphachain;massconcentration= ?microgramperlitre TheidentifyingNPUcodesmaybeusedasidentifierswithlocalterms,butasystematicallyshortenedformoftheNPUdefinitionisavailableandisfrequentlyusedasa"name"inlaboratoryreports,forexample: Pt—Body;temp.= ?°C(Code:NPU08676) B—Erythrocytes;num.c.= ?×1012/L(Code:NPU01960) P—Glycoproteinhormonesalphachain;massc.= ?μg/L(Code:NPU28109) ExternalreferencingforNPUconcepts[edit] AkeybenefitoftheNPUterminologyiscleardefinitionofterms.Codesaregenerallyonlyappliedwhereaclearexternaldatabasereferenceisavailableforunequivocaldefinitionofterms. Example1:Intheitemslistedabove,thereferencefor'Blood'is'MedicalSubjectHeadingsdatabase(MESH),IDD001769'whichgivesthedefinition: "Thebodyfluidthatcirculatesinthevascularsystem(BLOODVESSELS).WholebloodincludesPLASMAandBLOODCELLS." Example2:Thereferencefor'Glycoproteinhormonesalphachain'isUniProtProteinKnowledgebase,IDP01215,whichbesidesasetofsynonymsandareferencetothecorrespondinggenegivesthefullsequenceoftheprotein. TranslationofNPUdefinitions[edit] TheEnglishNPUdefinitionstructureallowsforeasyandreliabletranslationoftheNPUdefinitionsintootherlanguages;translatingeachterminthestructuredNPUdefinitionintoanotherlanguagewillproduceavaliddefinitioninthatlanguage.Theconceptbehindeachterminthedefinitioncanbedeterminedandagreedonbyaccessingtheinternationalcodeassignedtothatterm.Theplaceoftheconceptinthesyntaxassignsthespecificmeaningoftheconceptinrelationtotheexaminationresult. TranslationsoftheNPUterminologyaredirectlyavailableinDanishandSwedish.Theterminologyhasbeenstructuredsuchthattranslationsintootherlanguagesisstraightforward. NPUfoundations[edit] C-NPUhasbeenmanagingthedevelopmentofstructureddefinitionsforlaboratoryresultinformationfortheIFCCandIUPACandmakingrecommendationsthroughpapers,recommendations,andtechnicalreports.ThesemostlyjointdocumentsareavailablefromtheoldIUPACwebsite[Y]. Publication TypeofPublication CompendiumofTerminologyandNomenclature ofPropertiesinClinicalLaboratorySciences "TheSilverBook",avolumeintheIUPACNomenclatureBooksseries GlossaryofTermsinquantitiesandunitsinclinicalchemistry Recommendation1996 PropertiesandUnitsintheClinicalLaboratorySciences,comprisingthefollowingseriesofdocuments: I. Syntaxandsemanticrules IUPACRecommendation1995 II. Kinds-of-property IUPACRecommendation1997 III. Elements(ofproperties)andtheircodevalues Technicalreport1997 IV. Propertiesandtheircodevalues Technicalreport1997 V. PropertiesandunitsinThrombosisandHaemostasis Technicalreport1997 VI. PropertiesandunitsinIOCprohibitedDrugs Technicalreport1997 VIII. PropertiesandunitsinClinicalMicrobiology Technicalreport1999 IX. PropertiesandunitsinTraceElements Technicalreport1997 X. PropertiesandunitsinGeneralClinicalChemistry Technicalreport1999 XI. Codingsystems-Structureandguidelines Technicalreport1997 XII. PropertiesandunitsinClinicalPharmacologyandToxicology Technicalreport1999 XIII. PropertiesandunitsinReproductionandFertility Technicalreport/recommendation1997 XVI. PropertiesandunitsinClinicalAllergology Technicalreport1999 XVIII. PropertiesandunitsinClinicalMolecularBiology Technicalreport2004 XIX. Propertiesandunitsfortransfusionmedicineandimmunohematology Technicalreport2003 XX. Propertiesandunitsinclinicalandenvironmentalhumantoxicology Technicalreport2007 XXIII. TheNPUterminology,principles,andimplementation:Auser'sguide Technicalreport2011 WhilethesedocumentsformedthefoundationforNPUentriesapplyingtoeachscientificdiscipline,subsequentadditionsinthelastdecadehaveconsistedprimarilyof"Userdriven"requests.Theday-to-dayadministrationoftheNPUTerminologyhasformanyyearsbeencarriedoutbyrepresentativesfromtheDanishBoardofHealthwithinputfromtheadvisingNPUcommittee.TheNPUterminologyisinnationwideuseinlaboratories,messagesandnationalregistersinDenmarkandSweden(whichwerealsoheavilyinvolvedintheinitialdevelopmentoftheterminology),andinsporadicuseinseveralotherEuropeancountries.In2014,NorwaydeclaredtheNPUterminologymandatoryonanationalscaleformostclinicallaboratoryfields. References[edit] NordinG,DybkaerR.Recommendationfortermandmeasurementunitfor"HbA1c".ClinChemLabMed2007;45(8):1081-2. SummaryofNPUdefinitionpublications Seealso[edit] IHTSDO SNOMEDCT LOINC RenéDybkær:"AnOntologyonPropertyforPhysical,ChemicalandBiologicalSystems" BerzellM.,"ElectronicHealthcareOntologies:Philosophy,therealworldandITstructures" Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NPU_terminology&oldid=915869036" Categories:Medicalterminology Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English expanded collapsed Views ReadEditViewhistory More expanded collapsed Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Languages Addlinks